Internal-combustion engine



Dec. 10, 1929. A. M. NIVEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed March 25,1928 A TTORNE Y.

out contact with the sleeve acter A represents a cylinder which in thesleeve valve air cooled Patented Dec; 10, 1929 ARCHIE MACP 5 I MOTORSCORPORATION, 01 DETROIT, M

NIVEN, OF DETROIT PATENT OFFICE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Applicationfiled. March 23, 1928. Serial No. 264,265.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and refers moreparticularly to sleeve valve and generally similar types of engines. Tnengines of this general class the cylinder is generally closed by acylinder head having a portion depending within the cylinder and spacedtherefrom to accommodate movement of one or more sleeve valves.

My invention is especially directed to air cooled engines although notnecessarily limited thereto. In engines particularly of the air cooledtype difficulty has been experienced in adequately cooling the cylinderhead which is generally directly exposed to the heat of the combustionchamber. WVhere the heat is not dissipated suificiently the spacebetween the head and cylinder designated herein as the sleeve pocketbecomes subjected to carbon accumulations, scoring and binding of thesleeve and rubbing surfaces, and a generally unsatisfactory performanceof the engine.

My invention has among its objects the provision of means for preventingthe aforesaid dificulties by permitting the heat absorbed by thecylinder head to be dissipated withor sleeves.

A further object of my invention resides in the provision of improvedmeans for deflecting cooling air into the reentrant portion of thecylinder head. 4

Further objects and advantages of my invention reside in the novelcombination and arrangement of parts more particularly hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

Tn the drawings illustrating one embodi ment of my invention.

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation view through a typical engine cylinderillustrating my invention, and

Fig. 2 is an elevation view of the upper portion of the cylinder andassociated structure.

Referring to the drawings, reference chartype is provided with coolingfins 10, fuel intake 11 and exhaust 12. B is the cylinder head seated onthe cylinder and secured thereto by fasteners 13, the head having aportion 14 depending withthe cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide asleeve pocket 15. The cylinder head bottom 16 forms the top of thecombustion chamber 17, one or more spark plugs 18 having terminals 19communicating with the combustion chamber. Within the cylinder A is theusual reciprocating piston C and pref erably intermediate the piston andcylinder are one or more sleeve valves, a single sleeve valve D of thecombined reciprocating and oscillating type being shown forillustration.

The sleeve D has the usual intake and exhaust ports 20, 21 respectivelycooperating with the cylinder intake and exhaust 11, 12 for producingthecustomary valving cycle.

The sleeve D is for the most partpreferably formed with the customaryrelatively thin cross-section for lightness of weight, the upper portionof the sleeve, from a point above the upper limit of travel'of thepiston, having its inner wall extending inwardly to provide an uppersleeve portion 22 of relatively thick cross section. This portion 22 byreason of its cross sectional dimension may be fitted with a sealingring 23-111 the outer face of the sleeve contacting with the walls ofcylinder The portion 14 of the cylinder head is spaced not only withinthe cylinder but also within the sleeve with suficient clearance 24 toprevent transfer of heat from the head to the sleeve. Thus the sleeve isfree from rubbing contact with the cylinder head reentrant portion 14.,the ring 23 preventing leakage of gases between the combustion chamber17 and the cylinder intake 11 and exhaust 12.

The heat absorbed by the cylinder head will travel upwardly from thecombustion chamber along the portion 14 withoutthe objectionable rubbingcontact with the sleeve valve. A. certain amount of carbon will tend toform in the sleeve pocket since this pocket restrictedly communicateswith the combustion chamber 17 by reason of the clearance 24;, and inorder to keep the cylinder wall clear of carbon deposit, the uppercircumferential end of the sleeve may be beveled downwardly and inwardlyat 25 to provide a scraping edge 26. The deposits removed will pass downthe bevel 25, past the clearance 24am thus away from the sleeve pocketand into the combustion chamber 17;

MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO CONTINENTAL I ICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIAproved means for dissipating the heat from the cylinder head. The head Bis provided with substantially radial cooling fins 27 and .known fan(not shown) cylinder head.

28 preferably extending from the lower wall 16 and depending portion 14upwardly be yond the cylinder head proper. A current of coolingairindicated by arrows 29 approaches the upper ends of the fins 27, thisair current being aflorded by the slip stream when the engine is usedfor aircraft or by the well draft means when the engine is used forstationary or general vehicular uses. In order to direct and confinetheair current in the vicinity of the fins 27 for providing an im provedcooling efliciency, I provide a deflector E having a portion 29-.extending across the air stream 29 and extending downwardly into thecylinder head at the rear of fins 27. The deflector E also preferablyhas opposed side win s 30 confining the air stream at'the sides of t eupper portions of fins 27 these wings 30 being formed with outwardlyextended flanges 31 seating on the cylinder head, certain of thecylinder head fasteners 13 also passing through the flanges 31 forremovably securing the deflector E in position. Thus the air current isdeflected and guided down wardly into the cylinder head in intimatecontact with the rent clears the bottom of the deflector portion 29 andcools air current then passes upwardlyin contact with the fins 28 andoutwardly from the What I claim as my invention is:

1.v In a sleeve valve engine of the air cooled type, a cylinderstructure having air cooling means, a cylinder head structure closingthe upper end of the cylinder and having a substantially cylindricalportion depending downwardly into the cylinder, said depending portionbeing spaced within the cylinder to provide an annular sleeve pocket,asleeve valve within said cylinder, a working piston within the sleevevalve, said sleeve and cylinder having cooperating intake and exhaustports, the upper end of said sleeve having 3 its inner wall extendedinwardly forming an enlarged upper end, a sealing ring carried in thesaid enlarged end of the sleeve contacting with the cylinder walls, saiddepending portion of the cylinder head structure being spaced within thesaid sleeve enlarged end sufficiently to prevent heat transfer from thecylinder head to the sleeve.

2. In a sleeve valve engine of the air cooled a cylinder structurehaving air cooling means, a cylinder head structure closing the upperend of the cylinder and having a substantially cylindrical portiondepending downwardly into the cylinder, said depending portion beingspaced within the cylinder to provide an annular sleeve pocket, a sleeveor other induced,

;valve means within said cylinder,

fins 27, whence the air curthe spark plug 18. The

valve within said'cylinder, a working piston within the sleeve valve,said sleeve and cylinder having cooperating intake and exhaust.

ports, the upper end of said sleeve having its inner wallextendedinwardly forming an enlarged upper end, a sealing ring carriedin the said enlarged end of the sleeve contacting with the cylinderwalls, said depending portion of the cylinder head structure beingspaced within the said sleeve enlarged end suficientlyto prevent heattransfer from the cylinder head to the sleeve, and air cooling meanscarriedby the c linder head structure for dissipating heat therefrom.

3. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure, a cylinder headstructure,-sleeve a piston within the sleeve valve means, said cylinderhead structure having a sleeve pocket form 7 ing portion dependingwithin the cylinder and spaced from and within the sleeve valve meanssufficiently to substantially prevent interchange of heat between thecylinder head and sleeve valve means.

4. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure, a cylinder headstructure, sleeve valve means within said cylinder, a piston within thesleeve valve means, said cylinder head structure having a sleeve pocketforming portion depending within the cylinder and spaced from and withinthe sleeve valve means suificiently to substantially prevent interchangeof heat between the cylinder head and sleeve valve means, and sealingmeans carried by the sleeve valve means in contact with the cylinder.

5. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure, a cylinder headstructure, a sleeve valve within said cylinder, a piston within thesleeve valve, said sleeve having an enlarged upper end, said cylinderhead structure having a sleeve pocket forming portion depending withinsaid cylinder and spaced from said enlarged sleeve end.

6. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure, a cylinder headstructure, a sleeve valve within said cylinder, a piston withinthesleeve valve, said sleevehaving an enlarged upper end, said cylinderhead struclit) ture having a sleeve po'cket'forming portion [dependingwithin said cylinder and spaced from said-enlarged sleeve end, and asealing ring in the enlarged sleeve end.

7 In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure, a cylinder headstructure, a sleeve valve within said cylinder, a piston within thesleeve valve, said sleeve having an en larged upper end, said cylinderhead structure having a sleeve pocket forg portion depending within saidcylinder and spaced from said enlarged sleeve end, and a sealing ring inthe enlarged sleeve end, contacting with the cylinder.

'8. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder structure, a cylinder headstructure, a sleeve 7 valve within said cylinder; a piston within thesleeve valve, said sleevehaving an enlarged upper end, said cylinderhead structure having a sleeve pocket forming portion depending withinsaid cylinder and spaced from said enlarged sleeve end, said sleevepocket being in restricted communication f with ports adapted to bemoved from the enwith the engine combustion chamber.

' 9. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston, a cylinderhead, a sleeve valve intermediate the piston and cylinder, said sleevevalve provided with. an edge adapted to scrape the cylinder and removedeposits therefrom, the engine combustion chamber being in communicationwith the cylinder walls above the saidsleeve valve edge whereby thedeposits removed may pass to the combustion chamber.

, 10. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder, a piston, a cylinder head, a sleeve valve intermediate thepiston and cylinder,

said sleeve valve having its upper end beveled downwardly and inwardlyto provide a cylinder scraping edge, the engine combustion chamber beingin communication with the cylinder walls above the sleeve valve upperend whereby deposits removed by the beveled edge may pass down thebeveled edge and into thecombustion chamber.

11. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston, a'cylinderhead, a sleeve valve intermediate the'piston and cylinder,

said sleeve having an enlarged upper end,

' and a sealing ring carried by the said enlarged sleeve end,

12. In a sleeve valve engine, a ported cylinder structure, a cylinderhead structure depending within the cylinder and spaced there within toprovide an annular sleeve receiving pocket, sleeve valve means providedwith ports adapted to be moved from the engine combustion chamberupwardly into said anpocket, said depending cylinder gine combustionchamber-upwardly into said annular sleeve pocket, said dependingcylinder head structure being spaced within the sleeve valve meanssufliciently to substantially prevent transfer of the heat from thesleeve valve means to the cylinder head, and air cooling means for thecylinder structure and cylinder head structure.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe w my name this 17th day ofMarch, A. D. 1928.

ARCHIE MACPHAILNIVEN.

